Researchers create DNA computer that performs 100-bit calculations without electricity — molecular system uses self-assembling strands to perform computing

Researchers create DNA computer that performs 100-bit calculations without electricity — molecular system uses self-assembling strands to perform computing

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The researchers designed the computer via a technique known as DNA origami. Using specialized software, they mapped out a long primary DNA strand and hundreds of shorter, custom-synthesized “staple” strands. They then added the physical DNA strands to a test tube containing a drop of water and salt. When they heated and then cooled the mixture, the strands self-assembled into a highly organized, microscopic computing grid, with the long strand acting as a structural scaffold.

Traditional silicon computers use transistors to switch electrical voltages between 1 and 0. On the other hand, the molecular computer uses the binding and unbinding of genetic base pairs (A, T, C, and G) to process information. The researchers write the program into the DNA sequences themselves before putting them into the test tube and applying heat. The thermal energy kick-starts chemical reactions, causing the DNA strands to rearrange. As the molecules naturally shift toward their most stable structural state, they mathematically solve the programmed algorithm, with the final structure representing the mathematical answer.

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